Ohaeles g



To aZZ whom it may conoermfi steam, or other motor fluid may be direeted,

slots or apertures, a, through UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEQ CHARLES G. OTIS, O

r New YORK, N. IY.

STEERING APPARATUS.

SECIFICATION forming part of 'Letters atent No. 285,835, dat-ed October 2, 1883. Application filed January 20, 1883. (No model.)

that I, OHAnLEs G. Orrs, of the city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented certain Improvements in Steering Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. i My invention is a steering apparatus, constructed as fully described hereinafter, to secure a quicker and more effective action upon the water than is attained with an ordinary rudder, to reduce the danger of injury to the steering-blade, and to operate the latter with greater facility.

In the drawings,

Be it known Figure 1 is a transverse elevation of a vessel with my improved steering appliance. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan.

In plac-e of using a rudder at the stern and means for varying its angle to the keel, I use side blades and means whereby they may be proj ected from the sides of the vessel to prevent obstructions governing the movements of the vessel. Various ways of arranging and Operating these blades may beadopted.

Inthe drawings I show the vessel with side which the blades A may be readily moved in and out, and with inside water-tight chambers, c, adapted to receive the blade when drawn in. The operat! ing-rod d of each blade passes through a packing-box, e, and may carry a piston, i, adapted to a cylinder, O, to either end of which water,

so as to move the piston, and with it the blade, at the will of the operator. The valve devices controlling the movements of the fluid may be ment-an effect not possible with the ordinary rudder. I

By bringing the motor fluid to bear directly upon a piston on the rudder-rod, all risk of indirect connections is avoided, and a ready and effective mode of Operations is secured. Other means of propelling and retraeting the blades may, however, be`used.

I am aware that it has been proposed to use two independent blades in connection with valve devices so arranged that the movement of the steering-wheel will operate said valve devices and cause the same to effect the recession of one blade and the simultaneous projection of the other from the side of the vessel. This I do not claim, my invention being distinguished by the faot that either blade may be moved independently of the other out or in.

I elaim- 1. The combination, in avessel, of separatelyoperable blades arranged at opposite sides, at right angles thereto, and adapted to rec-esses in the sides thereof, andv appliances, substantially as described, whereby the said blades may be independently moved in and out beyond the sides of the vesscl at right angles thereto.

2. A vessel having water-tight chambers at the opposite sides, in combination with two blades arranged in said compartments, having operating-rods extending through the walls of the compartments, and independent operating applianees connected to said rods, substantially as set fort-h.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name under the control of the helmsman. The steering-blades thus arranged may be wholly drawn within the limits of the hull, to av oid danger from fioating matter, as ice. The extension of one from either side will result in a rapid turning of the vessel. The projection of both will materially aid in arresting the forward moveto this specification in the presenceof two subscribng witnesses.

LEGRAND B. Woonnurr, R. H. BROWN. 

